API 7 勘探与生产
作者:标准资料网 时间:2024-05-19 08:48:54 浏览:8809
来源:标准资料网
下载地址: 点击此处下载
基本信息
| 标准名称： | 勘探与生产 |
| 中标分类： | |
| 发布日期： | 1900-01-01 |
| 实施日期： | 1900-01-01 |
| 首发日期： | 1900-01-01 |
| 作废日期： | 1900-01-01 |
| 出版日期： | 1900-01-01 |
适用范围
没有内容
前言
没有内容
目录
没有内容
引用标准
没有内容
所属分类：
下载地址: 点击此处下载
【英文标准名称】:Metallicmaterials-Rockwellhardnesstest-Part1:Testmethod(scalesA,B,C,D,E,F,G,H,K,N,T)
【原文标准名称】:金属材料.洛氏硬度试验.第1部分:试验方法(A、B、C、D、E、F、G、H、K、N、T刻度)
【标准号】:ISO6508-1-2005
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:国际
【发布日期】:2005-12
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:国际标准化组织(IX-ISO)
【起草单位】:ISO/TC164
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:球压试验;名称与符号;测定;硬度试验表;硬度测量;硬度范围;硬度测试仪;硬度试验;压印硬度;材料试验机;材料试验;材料;测量不确定度;机械试验;金属的;金属材料;金属;渗透探伤;渗透法;洛氏(硬度);洛氏硬度;洛氏硬度测量;试验设备;试验条件;试验
【英文主题词】:Ballcompressiontest;Designations;Determination;Hardeningtestsheets;Hardnessmeasurement;Hardnessranges;Hardnesstesters;Hardnesstests;Indentationhardness;Materialtestingmachines;Materialtests;Materials;Measuringincertainity;Mechanicaltesting;Metallic;Metallicmaterials;Metals;Penetrantflawdetection;Penetrationmethods;Rockwell;Rockwellhardness;Rockwellhardnessmeasurement;Testequipment;Testing;Testingconditions
【摘要】:ThispartofISO6508specifiesthemethodforRockwellandRockwellsuperficialhardnesstests(scalesandfieldofapplicationaccordingtoTable1)formetallicmaterials.Attentionisdrawntothefactthat,inthispartofISO6508,theuseofhardmetalforballindentersisconsideredtobethestandardtypeofRockwellindenterball.Steelindenterballsmaybecontinuedtobeusedifspecifiedinaproductspecification,orbyspecialagreement.
【中国标准分类号】:H22
【国际标准分类号】:77_040_10
【页数】:24P;A4
【正文语种】:英语
【英文标准名称】:StandardPracticeforEvaluatingCompatibilityofBinaryMixturesofLubricatingGreases
【原文标准名称】:润滑脂的二元混合物的相容性评估的标准实施规程
【标准号】:ASTMD6185-2010
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:美国
【发布日期】:2010
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:D02.G0.01
【标准类型】:(Practice)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:
【英文主题词】:binarymixtures;compatibility;incompatibility;lubricatinggrease;mixtures;Binarymixtures;Compatibility--petroleumproducts;Compositionanalysis--petroleumproducts;Incompatibility;Lubricatinggrease
【摘要】:Thecompatibilityofgreasescanbeimportantforusersofgrease-lubricatedequipment.Itiswellknownthatthemixingoftwogreasescanproduceasubstancemarkedlyinferiortoeitherofitsconstituentmaterials.Oneormoreofthefollowingcanoccur.Amixtureofincompatiblegreasesmostoftensoftens,sometimesexcessively.Occasionally,itcanharden.Inextremecases,thethickenerandliquidlubricantwillcompletelyseparate.Bleedingcanbesoseverethatthemixedgreasewillrunoutofanoperatingbearing.Excessivesyneresiscanoccur,formingpoolsofliquidlubricantseparatedfromthegrease.Droppingpointscanbereducedtotheextentthatgreaseorseparatedoilrunsoutofbearingsatelevatedoperatingtemperatures.Sucheventscanleadtocatastrophiclubricationfailures.Becauseofsuchoccurrences,equipmentmanufacturersrecommendcompletelycleaningthegreasefromequipmentbeforeinstallingadifferentgrease.Servicerecommendationsforgrease-lubricatedequipmentfrequentlyspecifythecaveatx2013;donotmixgreasesunderanycircumstances.Despitethisadmonition,greasemixingwilloccurand,attimes,cannotbeavoided.Insuchinstances,itwouldbeusefultoknowwhetherthemixingoftwogreasescouldleadtoinadequatelubricationwithdisastrousconsequences.Equipmentusersmostoftendonothavetheresourcestoevaluategreasecompatibilityandmustrelyontheirsuppliers.Mixingofgreasesisahighlyimprudentpractice.Greaseandequipmentmanufacturersalikerecognizesuchpracticeswilloccurdespiteallwarningstothecontrary.Thus,bothusersandsuppliershaveaneedtoknowthecompatibilitycharacteristicsofthegreasesinquestion.Therearetwoapproachestoevaluatingthecompatibilityofgreasemixtures.Oneistodeterminewhethersuchmixturesmeetthesamespecificationrequirementsastheconstituentcomponents.Thisapproachisnotaddressedbythispractice.Instead,thispracticetakesaspecification-independentapproach;itdescribestheevaluationofcompatibilityonarelativebasisusingspecifictestmethods.Threetestmethodsareusedbecausefewerarenotsufficientlydefinitive.Forexample,inonestudy,using100000-strokeworkedpenetrationforevaluation,62%ofthemixtureswerejudgedtobecompatible.Inahigh-temperaturestoragestabilitystudy,coveringabroaderspectrumofgreasetypes,onlyone-thirdofthemixtureswerecompatible.Thesestudiesuseddifferentcriteriatojudgecompatibility.Compatibilitycannotbepredictedwithcertaintyfromforeknowledgeofgreasecomposition.Generally,greaseshavingthesameorsimilarthickenertypeswillbecompatible.Uncommonly,evengreasesofthesametype,althoughnormallycompatiblewhenmixed,canbeincompatiblebecauseofincompatibleadditivetreatments.Thus,compatibilityneedstobejudgedonacase-by-casebasis.Twoconstituentgreasesareblendedinspecificratios.A50:50mixturesimulatesaratiothatmightbeexperiencedwhenonegrease(GreaseA)isinstalledinabearingcontainingapreviouslyinstalled,differentgrease(GreaseB),andnoattemptismadetoflushoutGreaseBwithGreaseA.The10:90and90:10ratiosareintendedtosimulateratiosthatmightoccurwhenattemptsaremadetoflushoutGreaseBwithGreaseA.Note18212;Somecompaniesevaluate25:75and75:25ratiomixturesinsteadof10:90and90:10ratiomixtures.But,thelattertworatios,whichareprescribedbythispractice,areconsideredmorerepresentativeoftheflushingpracticedescribedin5.3.Incompatibilityismostoftenrevealedbytheevaluationof50:50mixtures.However,insomeinstances50:50mixturesarecompatibleandmorediluteratiosareincompatib........
【中国标准分类号】:E36
【国际标准分类号】:75_100
【页数】:8P.;A4
【正文语种】:英语
【原文标准名称】:金属材料.洛氏硬度试验.第1部分:试验方法(A、B、C、D、E、F、G、H、K、N、T刻度)
【标准号】:ISO6508-1-2005
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:国际
【发布日期】:2005-12
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:国际标准化组织(IX-ISO)
【起草单位】:ISO/TC164
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:球压试验;名称与符号;测定;硬度试验表;硬度测量;硬度范围;硬度测试仪;硬度试验;压印硬度;材料试验机;材料试验;材料;测量不确定度;机械试验;金属的;金属材料;金属;渗透探伤;渗透法;洛氏(硬度);洛氏硬度;洛氏硬度测量;试验设备;试验条件;试验
【英文主题词】:Ballcompressiontest;Designations;Determination;Hardeningtestsheets;Hardnessmeasurement;Hardnessranges;Hardnesstesters;Hardnesstests;Indentationhardness;Materialtestingmachines;Materialtests;Materials;Measuringincertainity;Mechanicaltesting;Metallic;Metallicmaterials;Metals;Penetrantflawdetection;Penetrationmethods;Rockwell;Rockwellhardness;Rockwellhardnessmeasurement;Testequipment;Testing;Testingconditions
【摘要】:ThispartofISO6508specifiesthemethodforRockwellandRockwellsuperficialhardnesstests(scalesandfieldofapplicationaccordingtoTable1)formetallicmaterials.Attentionisdrawntothefactthat,inthispartofISO6508,theuseofhardmetalforballindentersisconsideredtobethestandardtypeofRockwellindenterball.Steelindenterballsmaybecontinuedtobeusedifspecifiedinaproductspecification,orbyspecialagreement.
【中国标准分类号】:H22
【国际标准分类号】:77_040_10
【页数】:24P;A4
【正文语种】:英语
【英文标准名称】:StandardPracticeforEvaluatingCompatibilityofBinaryMixturesofLubricatingGreases
【原文标准名称】:润滑脂的二元混合物的相容性评估的标准实施规程
【标准号】:ASTMD6185-2010
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:美国
【发布日期】:2010
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:D02.G0.01
【标准类型】:(Practice)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:
【英文主题词】:binarymixtures;compatibility;incompatibility;lubricatinggrease;mixtures;Binarymixtures;Compatibility--petroleumproducts;Compositionanalysis--petroleumproducts;Incompatibility;Lubricatinggrease
【摘要】:Thecompatibilityofgreasescanbeimportantforusersofgrease-lubricatedequipment.Itiswellknownthatthemixingoftwogreasescanproduceasubstancemarkedlyinferiortoeitherofitsconstituentmaterials.Oneormoreofthefollowingcanoccur.Amixtureofincompatiblegreasesmostoftensoftens,sometimesexcessively.Occasionally,itcanharden.Inextremecases,thethickenerandliquidlubricantwillcompletelyseparate.Bleedingcanbesoseverethatthemixedgreasewillrunoutofanoperatingbearing.Excessivesyneresiscanoccur,formingpoolsofliquidlubricantseparatedfromthegrease.Droppingpointscanbereducedtotheextentthatgreaseorseparatedoilrunsoutofbearingsatelevatedoperatingtemperatures.Sucheventscanleadtocatastrophiclubricationfailures.Becauseofsuchoccurrences,equipmentmanufacturersrecommendcompletelycleaningthegreasefromequipmentbeforeinstallingadifferentgrease.Servicerecommendationsforgrease-lubricatedequipmentfrequentlyspecifythecaveatx2013;donotmixgreasesunderanycircumstances.Despitethisadmonition,greasemixingwilloccurand,attimes,cannotbeavoided.Insuchinstances,itwouldbeusefultoknowwhetherthemixingoftwogreasescouldleadtoinadequatelubricationwithdisastrousconsequences.Equipmentusersmostoftendonothavetheresourcestoevaluategreasecompatibilityandmustrelyontheirsuppliers.Mixingofgreasesisahighlyimprudentpractice.Greaseandequipmentmanufacturersalikerecognizesuchpracticeswilloccurdespiteallwarningstothecontrary.Thus,bothusersandsuppliershaveaneedtoknowthecompatibilitycharacteristicsofthegreasesinquestion.Therearetwoapproachestoevaluatingthecompatibilityofgreasemixtures.Oneistodeterminewhethersuchmixturesmeetthesamespecificationrequirementsastheconstituentcomponents.Thisapproachisnotaddressedbythispractice.Instead,thispracticetakesaspecification-independentapproach;itdescribestheevaluationofcompatibilityonarelativebasisusingspecifictestmethods.Threetestmethodsareusedbecausefewerarenotsufficientlydefinitive.Forexample,inonestudy,using100000-strokeworkedpenetrationforevaluation,62%ofthemixtureswerejudgedtobecompatible.Inahigh-temperaturestoragestabilitystudy,coveringabroaderspectrumofgreasetypes,onlyone-thirdofthemixtureswerecompatible.Thesestudiesuseddifferentcriteriatojudgecompatibility.Compatibilitycannotbepredictedwithcertaintyfromforeknowledgeofgreasecomposition.Generally,greaseshavingthesameorsimilarthickenertypeswillbecompatible.Uncommonly,evengreasesofthesametype,althoughnormallycompatiblewhenmixed,canbeincompatiblebecauseofincompatibleadditivetreatments.Thus,compatibilityneedstobejudgedonacase-by-casebasis.Twoconstituentgreasesareblendedinspecificratios.A50:50mixturesimulatesaratiothatmightbeexperiencedwhenonegrease(GreaseA)isinstalledinabearingcontainingapreviouslyinstalled,differentgrease(GreaseB),andnoattemptismadetoflushoutGreaseBwithGreaseA.The10:90and90:10ratiosareintendedtosimulateratiosthatmightoccurwhenattemptsaremadetoflushoutGreaseBwithGreaseA.Note18212;Somecompaniesevaluate25:75and75:25ratiomixturesinsteadof10:90and90:10ratiomixtures.But,thelattertworatios,whichareprescribedbythispractice,areconsideredmorerepresentativeoftheflushingpracticedescribedin5.3.Incompatibilityismostoftenrevealedbytheevaluationof50:50mixtures.However,insomeinstances50:50mixturesarecompatibleandmorediluteratiosareincompatib........
【中国标准分类号】:E36
【国际标准分类号】:75_100
【页数】:8P.;A4
【正文语种】:英语